Maize (Zea mays L.), a fundamental global staple, faces increasing threats to productivity due to two major abiotic stresses: drought and salt stress. This review synthesizes current research on the stresses on maize, elucidates the underlying resistance mechanisms, and explores management strategies to enhance stress resilience. The review first delineates the damaging effects of drought and salt stress on the growth of maize, development, and its yield. By consolidating information from diverse research areas, this review offers a comprehensive overview of drought and salt stress resistance in maize. The insights provided are valuable for researchers, breeders, and policymakers working towards sustainable maize production in the face of increasing environmental challenges. A holistic understanding of the intricate interplay between drought, salt stress, resistance mechanisms, and effective management strategies is essential for developing resilient maize varieties and ensuring global food security in a changing climate.
climate change, productivity, resistance mechanisms, signal transduction, epigenetic modification, maize
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