Cornous Biology | Volume 1 Issue 3 | Pages: 1-9 | Doi : 10.37446/corbio/rsa/1.3.2023.1-9

Research Article

OPEN ACCESS | Published on : 31-Dec-2023

Association of PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism with thrombotic risk in Sudanese patients with type 2 diabetes

Rowida Eljack Ibrahim
• Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Managil University of Science and Technology, Managil, Sudan.


• Khalid Abdelsamea Mohamedahmed
• Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan. khalid.gu89@gmail.com. ; Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan. khalid.gu89@gmail.com.

Sanaa Elfatih Hussein Ibrahim
• Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia.

Abdarahim Ali Babikir Haj Alzebar
• Department of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan.

Rania Ali Abdella Mohamed
• Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan.

Adil Mergani Babiker
• Department of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan.

Bakri Yousif Mohamed Nour
• Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan.

Abstract

Introduction: The symptoms of hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis, which are both fatal and insignificant causes of death in this population, diabetes type 2-related mortality is linked to thrombotic complications, particularly cardiovascular ones. These complications can cause excessive fibrin deposition and accumulation within vessels, as well as the onset of thrombosis. The frequency of the 4G genotypes of the 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene in diabetic patients from Sudan remained unknown. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the genotype frequency of the PAI-1 gene's 4G/5G polymorphism and the relationship between this allele and thrombotic complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes from Sudan.

Methods: A case-control study with 50 healthy individuals serving as the control group and 70 diabetic patients. The polymorphism 4G/5G was genotyped using ASP-PCR (allele specific PCR), and the Hardy-Weinberg rule was used to determine the allelic frequency. For the 4G allele as a risk factor of thrombosis in diabetic patients, the allelic frequencies were determined using gene counting using the SNP-STAT program, and their connection with thrombotic complications was assessed using the X2 test and the odd ratio with (confidence intervals 95% and OR ≥1).

Results: The frequency of the 4G allele was significantly associated with the risk of thrombosis in diabetic patients, one-fold higher than that of the 5G allele (P value 0.027, CI=95%, OR =1), and there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of the 4G allele among Sudanese diabetic patients compared to the control group (P value = 0.998).

Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes who contain one 4G allele are at a high risk of thrombosis. Therefore, diabetic patients should be prescribed anticoagulant medications, namely type 2, for at least the short term to prevent thrombus formation, particularly cardiovascular events.

Keywords

4G/5G polymorphism, Diabetic mellitus type 2, PAI-1 gene, mortality, Sudan

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