Journal of Ethnopharmacology and Toxicology | Volume 1 Issue 1 | Pages: 16-26 | Doi : 10.37446/jet/ra/1.1.2023.16-26

Review Article

OPEN ACCESS | Published on : 31-Dec-2023

Annona senegalensis Pers (Annonaceae): exploring the underutilized potentials of an African medicinal plant

• Peter Achunike Akah
• Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, 410001.

Abstract

This extensive study delves into the many facets of Annona senegalensis, a plant species that has been well-respected in traditional African medicine and is now gaining attention in modern pharmacology. The review takes a methodical look at four main areas: pharmacological characteristics, phytochemical profile, geographical distribution and ecological environment, and ethnomedical uses. The medicinal properties of Annona senegalensis have earned it a place of adoration in many African traditions. According to historical records, it was used to cure a wide variety of illnesses, including fevers, skin problems, gastrointestinal problems, and malaria. The tapestry of indigenous medicine and culture highlights the plant's centrality to traditional healing practices. The assessment emphasises the plant's widespread presence throughout many African biomes, demonstrating its capacity to adapt to different ecological circumstances, in terms of dispersion. This review also examines the environmental conditions important for its growth, providing a better knowledge of its ecological niche and possible vulnerabilities in the face of environmental changes. The phytochemical examination of A. senegalensis reveals a broad array of bioactive chemicals, including but not limited to alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenes. These elements are painstakingly connected with their unique therapeutic potentials, revealing insights into the metabolic underpinnings of the plant's medicinal characteristics. Finally, the review synthesizes a range of pharmacological research that evaluate the effectiveness of A. senegalensis in diverse medicinal applications. Notable results include its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, and anticancer effects, which are critically studied in light of modern scientific methodology and therapeutic significance. This review not only articulates the historic and contemporary relevance of the plant but also acts as a springboard for future research initiatives. It underlines the need for greater study into its latent potential, notably in drug discovery and development, while also increasing awareness about the protection of this unique species in its native environment.

Keywords

Annona senegalensis, ethnomedicine, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicity

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