Journal of Innovative Agriculture
Peer Reviewed Open Access Journal
ISSN: 2394-5389 NAAS Rate: 4.05
Submit Manuscript
Peer Reviewed Open Access Journal
ISSN: 2394-5389 NAAS Rate: 4.05
Submit ManuscriptBackground: Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) is an important pulse crop valued for its nutritional quality, contribution to biological nitrogen fixation and role in sustainable cropping systems. However, its productivity is frequently constrained by inadequate nutrient availability during critical stages of crop growth, particularly flowering and pod development. Foliar nutrient supplementation offers a rapid approach for improving nutrient availability and physiological efficiency by supplying nutrients directly to the foliage.
Methods: The present study evaluated the influence of foliar nutrient supplementation on the physiological and biochemical attributes of blackgram cv. VBN 11 under field conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with seven treatments and three replications. Foliar nutrient treatments were applied at 55 days after sowing, and physiological and biochemical observations were recorded at 60 days after sowing.
Results: The treatments significantly influenced total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability index, relative water content, soluble protein, proline, catalase and peroxidase activities. Among the treatments, T5 (T2 + NAA 40 ppm + salicylic acid 100 ppm) recorded the highest total chlorophyll content (1.49 mg g⁻¹ FW), chlorophyll stability index (88.3%), relative water content (96.5%), soluble protein content (15.7 mg g⁻¹ FW), proline content (360.1 μg g⁻¹ FW) and peroxidase activity (8.1 nmol min⁻¹ mg protein⁻¹). Principal component analysis further showed that PC1 explained 91.40% of the standardized variance and was positively associated with chlorophyll, CSI, RWC, soluble protein, proline and peroxidase.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that foliar nutrient supplementation, particularly the combination of nutrients with NAA and salicylic acid, influenced the physiological and biochemical responses of blackgram cv. VBN 11 under the conditions of the present experiment.
Blackgram, VBN 11, foliar nutrition, physiological attributes, chlorophyll, soluble protein, proline
Aebi, H. (1984). Catalase in vitro. In L. Packer (Ed.), Methods in enzymology (Vol. 105, pp. 121–126). Academic Press.
Alzahrani, Y. (2024). Evaluation of drought and salinity tolerance potentials of different soybean genotypes based upon physiological, biochemical, and genetic indicators. Frontiers in Plant Science, 15, 1466363.
Arnon, D. I. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts: Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24(1), 1–15.
Banerjee, P., Kumari, V. V., & Nath, R. (2023). Performance of spring-summer blackgram (Vigna mungo) with nutrient fortification under eastern Indian plains. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 93(4), 382–386.
Barrs, H. D., & Weatherley, P. E. (1962). A re-examination of the relative turgidity technique for estimating water deficits in leaves. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences, 15(3), 413–428.
Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P., & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39(1), 205–207.
Chandrasekaran, P., Ashokkumar, N., Ashok, S., Navinkumar, C., Karpagavalli, S., Rajeshkumar, A., & Ramadass, S. (2024). Foliar nutrient application with macro and micro nutrients alters yield and total antioxidative capacity of bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 58(5), 879–884.
Gunasekaran, G., Subiramaniyan, A., Natarajan, A., Gurunathan, S., & Perumal, C. (2024). Growth and physiological responses on drought stress in black gram (Vigna mungo L.). Cornous Biology, 2(3), 11–16.
Hammerschmidt, R., Nuckles, E. M., & Kuć, J. (1982). Association of enhanced peroxidase activity with induced systemic resistance of cucumber to Colletotrichum lagenarium. Physiological Plant Pathology, 20(1), 73–82.
Iqbal, H., & Yaning, C. (2024). Redox priming could be an appropriate technique to minimize drought-induced adversities in quinoa. Frontiers in Plant Science, 15, 1253677.
Khan, T. A., Ahmad, A., Saeed, T., Yusuf, M., Faisal, M., & Alatar, A. A. (2024). Investigating the influence of selenium and epibrassinolide on antioxidant activity, proline accumulation, and protein expression profiles in wheat plants experiencing heat and drought stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 15, 1441483.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., & Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193(1), 265–275.
Murphy, K. S. (1962). Modifications of the technique for determination of chlorophyll stability index in relation to studies of drought resistance in rice. Current Science, 31, 470–471.
Perumal, C., Natarajan, A., Seshathri, K., Ramasamy, A., Gunasekaran, G., Kannan, G., & Subiramaniyan, A. (2025). Exogenous application of melatonin improves drought tolerance through ROS regulation in black gram (Vigna mungo L.). Discover Plants, 2(1), 352.
Philips, S. V., Subramanian, S., Dharmalingam, A., Gunasekaran, M., Perumal, C., Gurunathan, S., … & Subiramaniyan, A. (2024). Phytohormones: Key regulators of plant growth and cellular processes. Cornous Biology, 2(2), 15–21.
Rajeshkumar, A., Ramadass, S., Chandrasekaran, P., Kumar, M. S., Ashokkumar, N., Ashok, S., … & Krishnaprabu, N. (2024). Enhancing black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] nutrient uptake and yield through integrated use of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer application. Plant Science Today, 12(1), 1–7.
Rawat, D. K., Khan, M. A., Kumar, A., Prasad, J., Prajapati, S. K., & Prajapati, B. K. (2023). Response of different levels of salicylic acid on growth characteristics, chlorophyll content, yield attributes and yield of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) under rainfed condition. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 13(3), 232–242.
Rubio, M. C., González, E. M., Minchin, F. R., Webb, K. J., Arrese-Igor, C., Ramos, J., & Becana, M. (2002). Effects of water stress on antioxidant enzymes of leaves and nodules of transgenic alfalfa overexpressing superoxide dismutases. Physiologia Plantarum, 115(4), 531–540.
Santos, M. P., Cogo, A. J. D., & Aragão, F. J. (2023). Variabilities in water deficit tolerance among cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) genotypes. South African Journal of Botany, 163, 552-560.
Senthil, A., Ashok, S., Sritharan, N., Punitha, S., Divya, K., & Ravikesavan, R. (2018). Physiological efficiency of small millets under drought condition. Madras Agricultural Journal, 105(7–9), 363–367.
Subiramaniyan, A., Ramalingam, K., Natarajan, A., Seshathri, K., Kannan, G., Gurunathan, S., … & Perumal, C. (2025). Kuliyadichan: A promising rice landrace for drought stress tolerance. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 72(8), 9741–9762.
Zaman, Q. U., Rehman, M., Feng, Y., Liu, Z., Murtaza, G., Sultan, K., ... & Deng, G. (2024). Combined application of biochar and peatmoss for mitigation of drought stress in tobacco. BMC Plant Biology, 24(1), 862.
