Journal of Innovative Agriculture, Volume 11, Issue 3 : 18-25. Doi : 10.37446/jinagri/rsa/11.3.2024.18-25

Research Article

OPEN ACCESS | Published on : 30-Sep-2024

Influence of plant growth regulators on growth, seed yield and quality of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench.)

• Viraj V. Deshmukh
• Department of Agril. Botany, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Dist. Ahmadnagar-413 722, Maharashtra, India.
• Hitendrasinh J. Rajput
• Associate Professor of Agril. Botany, Zonal Agricultural Research Station, MPKV, Solapur-413 001, Maharashtra, India.
• Ramesh S. Bhadane
• Assistant Professor of Agril. Botany, Pulse and Oilseed Crops Research and Training Centre, MPKV, Pandharpur, Dist. Solapur 413 304, Maharashtra, India.
• Vitthal R. Patil
• Assistant Professor of Agril. Botany, Agricultural Research Station, MPKV, Mohol, Dist-Solapur-413 213, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract

Background: The use of plant growth regulators through foliar spraying proves beneficial where roots fail to supply the required nutrients. The plant growth hormones supplementation through foliar sprays enables the direct and efficient utilization of nutrients by plants, manifesting observable effects within a short period which ultimately increases seed quality and seed yield in okra.

Methods: The present study on “Effect of foliar application of plant growth regulators on growth, seed yield and quality of okra” was conducted at Department of Agril. Botany Farm, Agriculture College, Pune and laboratory studies was conducted in STRU, MPKV, Rahuri. The field trial was conducted in randomized block design (RBD) having nine treatments including control with three replications and lab experiment was conducted in completely randomised block design (CRD). The treatments comprise of different plant growth regulators such as GA₃ at 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, NAA at 100 ppm, 200 ppm, IBA at 100 ppm, 150 ppm, Kinetin at 200 ppm including control (No spray control). Two foliar sprays of each plant growth regulator treatment were applied at 30 and 45 days after sowing.

Results: The plant growth regulator GA₃ at 250 ppm foliar spraying was found to be the best treatment for plant growth, seed yield and quality characters of okra variety Phule Vimukha viz., days to 50% flowering (40 days), plant height (89.83 cm), number of leaves (25.50), number of branches (3.92), moisture content (16.50 %), germination (93.33 %), seedling length (24.20 cm), root length (9.23 cm), shoot length (15.27 cm), shoot root ratio (1.80), seedling dry weight (29.26 g), seed vigour index (2258), hard seeds (2.50),  dead seed (3.50), electrical conductivity (1.07 dS/m), number of fruits per plant (15.00), fruit length (19.53 cm), fruit diameter (2.00 cm), number of seeds per fruit (52.00), 100 seed weight (7.87 g), seed yield per plant (58.05 g).

Conclusion: Application of plant growth regulator GA₃ at 250 ppm treatment as two foliar sprayings at 30 and 45 DAS was found more promising in increasing growth, yield and quality characters of okra variety Phule Vimukha as compared to the untreated control treatment.

Keywords

GA3, NAA, okra, Phule Vimukha, quality, yield

References

• Ambreen, Nabi, Sharma, S. K. & Shukla, Y. R. (2010). Influence of plant growth regulators on seed yield and quality of okra. Ann. Agri. Bio. Res., 15(1), 21-23.

  Asghar, S., Hussain, S. A., & Ali, N. (1997). Effect of exogenous growth regulators on growth, flowering and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Sarhad Journal of Agriculture (Pakistan), 13(5), 449‑453.

  Aurovinda.D., & Rajendra, P. (2003). Effect of plant growth regulators CCC and NAA on the growth and yield of summer mung bean. Ann. Agric. Res., 24(4), 874-879.

  Balraj, R., & Kurdikeri, M. B. (2002). Effect of growth regulators on growth and yield of chilli (Capsicum annuum) at different pickings. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 59(1), 84-88.

  Bhatt, K. L. & Singh, A. K. (1997). Effect of different level of phosphorus, GA₃ and picking on seed production of okra. Vegetable Science, 24(1), 4-6.

  Bhosle, A. B., Kharbhade, S. B., Sanap, P. B. & Gorad, M. J. (2002). Effect of plant hormones on growth and yield of summer tomato. (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Orissa J. of Hortic., 30(2), 63-65.

  Chand, K., Channakeshava, B., & Narayanareddy, A. (2013). Effect of interaction due to plant growth regulators and fruit retention on crop growth, seed yield and quality in okra cv. Arka Anamika. Indian Horticulture Journal, 3(1‑2), 10‑18.

  Dhage, A. A., Nagre, P. K., Bhangre, K. K., & Pappu, A. K. (2011). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth and yield parameters of okra. Asian J. of Hort., 6(1), 170-172.

  Kachare, P. A., Gawale, A. V., Solanke, A. P., & Pawar, G. S. (2022). Effect of micronutrients on seed quality of green gram (Vigna radiata L.). Pharma Innovation, 11(12), 843-846.

  Khrmashow, D. Z., Bouras, M., & Sahuni, F. (2022). Effect of spraying with ga3 on the quality and oil content of Syrian Okra seeds Abelmoschus esculentus (L.). American Journal of Plant Sciences, 13(1), 83-90.

  Kokare, R. T., Bhalerao, R. K., Prabu, T., Chavan, S. K., Bansode, A. B., & Kachare, G. S. (2006). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench). Agricultural Science Digest, 26(3), 178‑181.

  Kumar, B.P., & Gaurav, S. S. (2008). Effect of growth stimulants on seed germination and vigour index in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Progressive Research, 3(2), 195-196.

  Kumar, M., & Sen, N. L. (2005). Effect of zinc, boron and gibberellic acid on yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench). Indian Journal of Horticulture, 62(3), 308–309.

  Kumari, S., Meena, M. L., Saini, A., & Kumar, S. (2022). Effect of foliar application of plant growth regulators on yield and yield attributes of okra in western arid region of Rajasthan. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 11(2), 1544-1546.

  Maity, U., Dutta, P., & Layek, B. (2016). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench). Journal of Agroecology and Natural Resource Management, 3(3), 251-253.

  Meena, R. K., Dhaka, R. S., Meena, N. K., & Meena, S. (2017). Effect of foliar application of NAA and GA3 on growth and yield of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] cv. Arka Anamika. International Journal of Pure Applied Bioscience, 5(2), 1057-1062.

  Mehraj, H., Taufique, T., Ali, M. R., Sikder, R. K., & Jamal Uddin, A. F. M. (2015). Impact of GA3 and NAA on horticultural traits of Abelmoschus esculentus. World Applied Sciences Journal, 33(11), 1712-1717.

  Mislevy, P., Boote, K. J., & Martin, F. G. (1989). Soybean response to gibberellic acid treatments. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 8(1), 11–18.

  Munda, B. D. S., Singh, R. R., & Maurya, K. R. (2000). Effect of plant growth regulators on quality of seed of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench). Journal of Applied Biology, 10(1), 22–25.

  Panse, V. G. & Sukhatme, P. V. (1985). Statistical Methods for Agricultural Workers, ICAR, New Delhi, pp. 167-174.

  Parmar, J. N., Shelar, V. R., Bhalekar, N. B., Swami, S. R., More, S. R., & Bhingarde, M. T. (2023). Seed quality of summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in response to micronutrients. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 12(2), 3022‑3026.

  Patil D. R., & Patel, M. N. (2010). Effect of seed treatment with GA₃ and NAA on growth and yield of okra cv. GO-2. Asian Journal of Horticulture, 5(2), 269-272.

  Patil, C. N., Mohorkar, V. K., Dod, V. N., Peshattiwar, P. D., Kayande, N. V. & Gomase, D. G. (2008). Effect of seed treatment with gibberellic acid and maleic hydrazide on growth, seed yield and quality of okra cv. Parbhani kranti. Asian Journal of Horticulture, 3(1), 74-78.

  Patil, S. B. (2005). Standardization of hybrid seed production techniques in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) (M.Sc.(Agri.) Thesis). University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.

  Ravat, A. K., & Makani, N. (2015). Influence of plant growth regulators on growth, seed yield and seed quality in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cv. GAO-5 under middle Gujarat condition. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 11(1), 151–157.

  Sanodiya, K., Pandey, G., Kacholli, P., & Dubey, A. K. (2017). Effect of growth regulator on growth, yield and seed quality parameters of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.): cv. Utkal Gaurav. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(10), 3551–3556.

  Sayed, A., & Khan, H. (2000). Effect of pre sowing seed treatment on yield of garden pea. Allahabad Farmer, 45(3), 27-30.

  Shahid, M. R., Amjad, M., Ziaf, K., Jahangir, M. M., Ahmad, S., Iqbal, Q., & Nawaz, A. (2013). Growth, yield and seed production of okra as influenced by different growth regulators. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 50(3), 387–392.

  Sharma, S. J., & Lashkari, C. O. (2009). Response of gibberellic acid and cycocel on growth and yield of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) cv. ‘Pusa Navbahar’. Asian Journal of Horticulture, 4(1), 89–90.

  Singh R. K. & Mahesh Kumar. (2005). Response of summer season okra to plant growth regulators and foliar application of nitrogen. Haryana Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 34(1-2), 187-188.

  Singh, B. K., Kumar, V., Singh, A. K. & Rai, V. K. (2001). Role of NAA on growth, yield and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Environment Ecology, 27(3), 1091- 1093.

  Singh, D. K. & Lal, G. (1995). Effect of plant growth regulators on the fruit set, yield and quality of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars. Advances of Horticulture and Forestry, 4, 133- 141.

  Tiwari, K. N., Mal, P. K., Singh, R. M., & Chattopadhyay, A. (1998). Response of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.) to drip irrigation under mulch and non-mulch conditions. Agricultural water management, 38(2), 91-102.

  Wareing, P. F., & Phillips, I. D. J. (1978). The control of growth and differentiation in plants (2nd ed.). Pergamon Press.