Background: Meloidogyne incognita is a major pest in various vegetable production with very less management options. The scientometric analysis aims to give a comprehensive picture of M. incognita, a root-knot nematode (RKN) responsible for crop damage worldwide.
Methods: A thorough search of the SCOPUS database was performed using relevant keywords to identify relevant publications of the last 20 years. The bibliometrix package of R statistical programming language was used to generate compelling descriptive statistics, elaborate network visualizations, and other insightful scientometric metrics.
Results: The Journal of Nematology published a higher number of publications with 3212 citations. Aligarh Muslim University and Indian Agricultural Research Institute, India are the most productive institutions whereas, the National Natural Science Foundation of China funded the highest number of research projects. The quantitative analysis and statistics of SCOPUS data offer valuable insight into the research landscape, highlighting the most active nations, institutions, and authors, along with the most-cited articles and burgeoning research directions.
Conclusion: The study provided deep insight into the different research areas which may help to improve the understanding of research patterns and knowledge about M. incognita. Furthermore, the data generated here can be of potential value to researchers and policymakers interested in addressing the challenges associated with M. incognita infestations.
Background: Different parts of A. conyzoides have been widely used in traditional medicine for therapeutic purposes, and it contains enormous secondary metabolites such as phenolics with varied biological activities. Poor druggability has caused many candidate compounds showing excellent in-vitro efficacy to be dismissed, which can be minimized in early drug discovery by in-silico drug-like prediction and virtual screening. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the antidiabetic potentials of phenolic compounds (furocoumarinic acid, liquiritin, isorhamnetin and syringin) identified from ethyl acetate fraction of A. conyzoides methanol leaf extract.
Methods: SwissADME and ADMETlab 2.0 software tools were used to predict the drug-likeness of the compounds, and AutoDock Vina and UCSF Chimera were used for docking studies. The compound that showed best interaction with receptors (target proteins) was then experimentally validated through fasting blood glucose (FBG) assay.
Results: Findings of this study indicated that all the four phenolics were found to have good drug-like potential according to the rule-based filter models, with oral bioavailability scores of 55% better than acarbose (17%). However, of the four phenolics, only isorhamnetin was able to demonstrate good interactions with target receptors, indicating an outstanding inhibitory effect on aldose reductase (AR), dipeptidyl peptidase 4, and glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT). Experimental validation indicated that FBG levels of the diabetic control (untreated) group, acarbose- and isorhamnetin-treated groups were 421.00±9.10, 232.40±6.15, and 239.60±8.56 mg/dL, respectively, with a corresponding percentage decrease of 10.65±3.20, 52.07±1.78, and 50.13±2.60 respectively.
Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that furocoumarinic acid, liquiritin, isorhamnetin, and syringin from ethyl acetate fraction of A. conyzoides methanol leaf exhibited good drug-likeness potentials with 55% oral bioavailability. Out of which, only isorhamnetin was able to inhibit AR, DPP-4, and GFAT activities, and activate glucokinase through docking studies.
Arsenic is found globally in both freshwater and marine ecosystems, posing a threat to aquatic life. It exists in organic and inorganic forms, with the inorganic variant being more toxic. While most water bodies contain inorganic arsenic, organic forms are often prevalent in fish. Both natural and human activities contribute to arsenic contamination in water. The bioaccumulation of arsenic and its transfer through the aquatic food chain highlight its significance as an environmental concern. Prolonged exposure to low levels of arsenic in fish can lead to accumulation, impacting higher trophic levels, including larger fish and humans who consume them. This review aims to enhance our understanding of arsenic sources, its bioaccumulation, food chain transfer, and effects on fish health. It underscores the urgent need to tackle arsenic contamination in water bodies to protect aquatic ecosystems and the well-being of wildlife and human populations reliant on these resources.
Estrogen and its types of estradiol and estriol are diverse and robust molecules which influence metabolism in health and disease conditions. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using defined selection criteria and a focused search strategy. The SwissTargetPrediction Tool was employed as the primary computational approach to predict and categorize receptor targets, grouping them into functional classes such as nuclear receptors, kinases, enzymes, and others. The binding receptors to these molecules observed in this study are categorized under electrochemical transporters, kinases, enzymes, Transferases, Lyases, Proteases, Nuclear receptors, Erasers, Cytochrome P450, secreted proteins, oxidoreductases, Family AG protein coupled receptors, hydrolases, other ion channels and cytosolic proteins. Few common binding receptors were observed indicating structural similarity and receiving and transducing signals through the same metabolic pathway. Our analysis reveals that estrogen and its derivatives exhibit variable binding efficiencies across different receptor classes, with several common targets indicating potential structural and functional similarities. The work also emphasizes how crucial computational techniques are for methodically finding new receptor interactions, providing a high-throughput and economical means of drug development. Estrogen and its derivatives' ability to alter cellular signaling pathways highlights its potential as therapeutic agents for a variety of metabolic and pathological illnesses, such as hormone-dependent malignancies, heart disease, and neurological disorders. The unprecedented data in the form of list of receptors broadens the scope of these hormones to be prominent players in various diseased conditions. Additionally, the discovery opens the door for tailored treatment approaches by offering important insights into receptor specificity. The positive aspect makes us look deeper into these targets and new drugs developed mediating the role in health and adverse health conditions of peri and post-menopausal women ultimately advancing patient care and enhancing the quality of life across diverse population.
