The study is to investigate the effects of feed probiotics, water probiotics and a mixture of both on the body growth rate of Labeo rohita. Four treatment groups were formed for the Rohu population: Group I (control) received only the basal diet for 60 days; Group II received the basal diet plus water probiotics; Group III received 5 g/kg feed probiotics in addition to the basal diet; and Group IV received both water probiotics and 5 g/kg feed probiotics in addition to the basal diet. The parameters measured were feed consumption ratio, specific growth rate, monthly live weight and protein efficiency. Except for feed conversion ratio (FCR), which showed an opposite trend, the treatment groups performed better than the control group in terms of growth metrics after the 60-day feeding period. The control group in weight, FCR, protein consumption, and specific growth rate. These results show that supplementing L. rohita with probiotics can significantly improve its growth performance.
Lakes play an important role in the ecosystem and offer a variety of benefits for humans, such as providing water and food for humans to consume as well as purifying water to benefit ecosystems. There has been an increase in the quantity of contaminants due to the growth in and around the lake, which has resulted in a decrease in the water level of the lake. Runoff from agricultural fields, untreated sewage discharge, and silt from nearby water catchments are all factors that have contributed to the degradation of the lake's water quality. Due to the vulnerability of lakes to water pollution as a result of socioeconomic development, the quality of the water in lakes is under enormous pressure, which highlights the importance of fully comprehending how developments such as these negatively impact the quality of the water in lakes. In spite of this, studies that investigate the relationship between socioeconomic development and the quality of water often overlook those factors that have a theoretical basis and those that influence the selection process of those factors. There are certain lakes that become eutrophic due to the presence of excessive algae and macrophytes as a result of high nutrient levels. The management of a lake can be enhanced through a variety of mitigation measures, such as planting trees in the catchment area, educating the public, managing solid waste, and conducting continuous monitoring in order to reduce the impact on the lake.
Pesticides are extensively used in controlling agricultural pests. Pesticides-exposure of a variety of populations manifest an array of adverse effects and a large wide of studies have shown that pesticides are extremely toxic to female reproductive systems. It has been reported that these pollutants induce oxidative stress, apoptosis, endocrine disorders, and epigenetic alterations which are directly implicated in the declining fertility of females in non-target species. The literature and information present in this review highlighted the toxic effect of pesticides on the female reproductive system along with their possible mechanisms in ovarian tissue.
It’s evident that by means of using AI in healthcare reduces more than half of the treatment costs. Health outcomes of the patients are also improved by 40%. A recent study shows that it is easy to predict the risk of breast cancer by employing AI. Research on AI demands that it is much possible to train an AI algorithm to a greater extent than actually a radiologist does and to add on except for the hardware the algorithm can be replicated at zero cost. In light of recent strides in AI, the integration of healthcare is deemed to provide a viable prospect. So, this review aims to summarize the outcomes of AI, critically analyze the scientific findings, and understand the research gap.
This extensive study delves into the many facets of Annona senegalensis, a plant species that has been well-respected in traditional African medicine and is now gaining attention in modern pharmacology. The review takes a methodical look at four main areas: pharmacological characteristics, phytochemical profile, geographical distribution and ecological environment, and ethnomedical uses. The medicinal properties of Annona senegalensis have earned it a place of adoration in many African traditions. According to historical records, it was used to cure a wide variety of illnesses, including fevers, skin problems, gastrointestinal problems, and malaria. The tapestry of indigenous medicine and culture highlights the plant's centrality to traditional healing practices. The assessment emphasises the plant's widespread presence throughout many African biomes, demonstrating its capacity to adapt to different ecological circumstances, in terms of dispersion. This review also examines the environmental conditions important for its growth, providing a better knowledge of its ecological niche and possible vulnerabilities in the face of environmental changes. The phytochemical examination of A. senegalensis reveals a broad array of bioactive chemicals, including but not limited to alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenes. These elements are painstakingly connected with their unique therapeutic potentials, revealing insights into the metabolic underpinnings of the plant's medicinal characteristics. Finally, the review synthesizes a range of pharmacological research that evaluate the effectiveness of A. senegalensis in diverse medicinal applications. Notable results include its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, and anticancer effects, which are critically studied in light of modern scientific methodology and therapeutic significance. This review not only articulates the historic and contemporary relevance of the plant but also acts as a springboard for future research initiatives. It underlines the need for greater study into its latent potential, notably in drug discovery and development, while also increasing awareness about the protection of this unique species in its native environment
